Reference atlas
Places of the Ummah & Sīrah
A growing reference atlas of the places of Islamic history — each rendered as a researched 360° reconstruction with its date, location, and Sunni-sourced background.
Umayyad
The Construction of the Dome of the Rock
72 AH / 691-692 CE
The Haram al-Sharif (al-Aqsa precinct), al-Quds (Jerusalem)
Umayyad
The Building of the Great Mosque of Damascus
87 AH / 706 CE
Damascus, capital of the Umayyad caliphate
Umayyad
The Desert Palace of Khirbat al-Mafjar
c. 125 AH / 743 CE
Khirbat al-Mafjar, near Jericho, in the Jordan valley
Abbasid
The Malwiya at Samarra
241 AH / 855-856 CE
Samarra (Surra Man Ra'a), Abbasid capital on the Tigris
Samanid
The Samanid Mausoleum at Bukhara
c. 300 AH / c. 914 CE
Bukhara, Transoxiana (modern Uzbekistan)
Umayyad
Madinat al-Zahra
begun 324 AH / c. 936 CE
Madinat al-Zahra, west of Cordoba, in al-Andalus
Almohad
The Kutubiyya Minaret of Marrakesh
Almohad (581-595 AH / 1185-1199 CE)
Marrakesh, the Almohad capital in Morocco
Hafsid
The Zaytuna of Tunis
628 AH / c. 1230 CE
Tunis, in Ifriqiya
Abbasid
The Mustansiriyya Madrasa
631 AH / 1234 CE
The Mustansiriyya, on the Tigris, Baghdad
Seljuk
A Seljuk Caravanserai
c. 648 AH / 1250 CE
A Seljuk han on the Anatolian plateau (representative)
Nasrid
The Generalife Garden
731 AH / c. 1330 CE
The Generalife, above the Alhambra, Granada, al-Andalus
Kilwa Sultanate
The Stone Town of Kilwa
c. 731 AH / 1331 CE
Kilwa Kisiwani, an island of the East African coast
Delhi Sultanate
The Coming of Islam to Sylhet
747 AH / c. 1346 CE
Sylhet, in the wetlands of eastern Bengal
Timurid
The Aq-Saray of Shahrisabz
782-808 AH / c. 1380-1405 CE
Shahrisabz, south of Samarkand, in Transoxiana
Bengal Sultanate
The Sixty Dome Mosque of Bagerhat
c. 846-863 AH / 1442-1459 CE
Bagerhat, in the south of the Bengal delta
Ottoman
Hagia Sophia, Mid-Conversion to a Mosque
857 AH / 1453 CE
Hagia Sophia, Constantinople (Istanbul)
Banten Sultanate
The Great Mosque of Banten
974 AH / c. 1566 CE
Banten, on the north-west coast of Java
Ottoman
The Selimiye Mosque at Edirne
976-982 AH / 1568-1574 CE
Selimiye Mosque, Edirne
Mughal
Akbar's House of Worship at Fatehpur Sikri
c. 983 AH / 1575 CE
Fatehpur Sikri, near Agra
Aceh Sultanate
The Sultanate of Aceh
1029 AH / c. 1620 CE
Banda Aceh, northern Sumatra
Deccan Sultanates
The Gol Gumbaz of Bijapur
1066 AH / c. 1656 CE
Gol Gumbaz, Bijapur (Vijayapura), the Deccan, northern Karnataka
Contemporary
The Old Bridge of Mostar Rebuilt
1425 AH / 2004 CE
Mostar, the Stari Most over the Neretva, Bosnia
Contemporary
The Great Mosque of Algiers
1440 AH / c. 2019 CE
Djamaa el Djazair, the bay of Algiers, Algeria
Contemporary
The 2023 Earthquake at Antakya
Rajab 1444 / Feb 2023
Antakya (Antioch), Hatay, Türkiye